Inducement, Infringement Notice April 04, 2005 -- Chilling Effects Clearinghouse

Chilling Effects Clearinghouse > Patent > Notices > Inducement, Infringement Notice April 04, 2005

April 4, 2005

Sender Information:
VSPS.com Inc.
Sent by: Bill Warman
[Private]
11341 E. Adobe Rd
Mesa, AZ, 85207, USA

Recipient Information:
User Support, DMCA Complaints
Google, Inc.
1600 Amphitheatre
Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA

Sent via:
Re: Inducement, Infringement Notice April 04, 2005

TO Dr. Eric E. Schmidt
Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Executive Officer
Sergey Brin
Co-Founder & President, Technology
Larry Page
Co-Founder & President, Products
Google, Inc.
Attn: User Support, DMCA Complaints
1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
Mountain View, CA 94043
Fax No (650) 618-2649
From Bill Warman
Date/Time 4/5/2005 at 4:15PM
Subject Inducement, Infringement Notice April 04,2005
Pages 15, including this one

04-05-05

Google this is an Infringement (Inducement) Notice.

"upon obtaining such knowledge or awareness, acts expeditiously to remove,

or disable access to, the material; "

I, the undersigned, certify under penalty of perjury that I am the owner or an agent authorized to act on behalf of the owner of certain intellectual property rights, said owner being named William J. Warman ("IP Owner").

have a good faith belief that the web sites, items or materials identified in the addendum attached hereto are not authorized by the above IP Owner, its agent, or the law

36 U.S.C. 282 Presumption of validity; defenses. A patent shall be

presumed valid. Each Claim of a patent (whether in independent, dependent, or multiple dependent form)

shall be presumed valid independently of the validity of other claims; dependent or multiple dependent claims shall be presumed valid even though dependent upon an invalid claim.

Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if a claim to a composition of matter is held invalid and that claim was the basis of a determination of nonobviousness under, the process shall

no longer be considered nonobvious solely on the basis of . The burden of establishing invalidity of a patent or any claim thereof shall rest on the party asserting such invalidity.

SEE 35 U.S.C. 282 Presumption of validity; defenses.

http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/documents/appxl.htm#usc35s112
Item/Material -- EXAMPLE ********
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://www.macmall.com/referrals/default.asp%3Fdpno%3D321657%26store%3Dmacmall%26source%3Drmvbfroogle&fr=AC17c2PRFxRbR-HOBOPOSmhodnoIOPRbOIcB6NvoI8HAAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://focuscamera.com/sc/froogle-lead-1.asp%3Fid%3D756722029%26rf%3Dfroogle%26dfdate%3DO4 _04_2005%26sid%3D154198226&fr=AJ6PIGETQEm BXXBHLWAyx2zFYJJPf8DmOhc9sbCWgPtPdQeXOdbOdIE AAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://focuscamera.com/sc/froogle-lead-1.asp%3Fid%3D756722028%26rf%3Dfroogle%26dfdate%3D04_04_2005%26sid%3D154198226&fr=ANIg8Rr8CI GSqyEQYgumDDrqQHlrHYxT6xc9sbGWgPtPdQeXQdbOdlEAAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://www.jr.com/JRProductPage.process%3FProduct_Code%3DBKN%2B2215SCREENP%26JRSource%3Dgoogle.datafeed&fr=ACPZSUUQhIq34VVf X1L2GvwqXjaq_P82YH0RQb40O1EuAAAAAAAAAAA

http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://landingstrip.dell.com/landingstrip/ls.asp%3FCID%3D6885%26LID%3D180615%26DGC%3DSS%26DGStor%3DDHS%26DGSite%3DGOO%26Conum%3D19%26DURL%3Dhttp://accessories.us.dell.com/sna/productdetail.aspx%3Fsku%3D310-5967%2526cs%3D19%2526c%3Dus%2526I%3Den&fr=AL-zZRTxwi8Ye6eW79Rp3Pxw_AsMuoG 7i9_qPARZ-7xgAAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://www.expansys-usa.com/product.asp%3Fcode%3DEXP-PROTEC-M500&fr=ABtLdS5KR-9GNCjB9C53W73onnvAD5Yfjy2XT2IIDvQ3YQ_mhKtPJdgAAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://www.thehonestcompany.com/product_info.php%3Fproducts_id%3D5344496%26referer%3Dfroogle&fr=ALHHeJfuBWM4NszpsMLfp2ql-Xv8tm9V9IDwDawNpyiUWHEQSjqvyAr8AAAAAAAAAAA
http://froogle.google.com/froogle_url?q=http://www.wiredzone.com/itemdesc.asp%3Fic%3D30493188%26source%3Dfroogle&fr=ADqOfifv37-Zx9WSsDr55VpoKkDYXA6rLPfh9ERlyvVnOfzx5VRBgCYAAAAAAAAAAA
http://www.google.com/pagead/iclk?adurl=http://clickfrom.buy.com/default.asp%3Fadid%3D17260%26sURL%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.buy.com%252Fretail%252FProduct.asp%253Fsku%3D90127350%2526SearchEngine%3DGoogleD%2526Type%3DGoogleD%2526Keyword%3D90127350%2526Category%3DElectronics&sa=I&ai=BpOXbFBhTQqVGscCwAcfljCKojLIGINiI5wHCmbECsLOQCAAQARgSKA14AEjdPJgBnEqgAcSM6_4DyAEB0AHps_aP7ZLOtVI
http://www.pdascreenprotectors.com/
http://shop.brando.com.hk/screenprotector.php http://www.brighthand.com/article/Protect_your_Screen

http://www.boxwave.com/products/cleartouchcrystal/
http://www.pocketpctechs.com/ws.asp
http://palmtops.about.com/b/a/153462.htm
http://palmtops.about.com/cs/productreviews/fr/ClearTouch.htm
http://www.the-gadgeteer.com/writeshield-review.html
http://virology-online.com/screenprotector.htm

http://shop.brando.com.hk/ultraclearscreenprotector.php

E-Mail us at

bass@vsps.com

For License -

http://www.vsps.com/alicense.htm

"It is well proven that the one skilled in the art is the only expert regarding his (her) patent. The patent Examiner nor the
patentees

attorney can be classified as an expert "

List of prior auctions Removed.

2005

Yahoo Infringement - 04-04-05-7 Fellowes

Infringement - KMM6036067V28880L0KM -04-03-05

Infringement - KMM20496I37L0KM - 04-03-05 - Proporta Screen Protectors

Infringement KMM5698058V54916L0KM - 03-29-05 Infringement - T-Dimension4 KMM9804I37L0KM 03-28-05 Infringement KMM4553I37L0KM - 03-21-05

Vero-Infringement-3 03-16-05 - jhongs KMM2876I37L0KM -03-21-05

Vero-Infringement-2 03-16-06 KMM5272182V35522L0KM - 03-19-05
Infringement QID62 KMM5265057V25501L0KM - 03-19-05 Infringement KMM160119210V76622L0KM - 03-19-05

Infringement-4 03-16-05 KMM5221881V49489L0KM 03-18.05

Infringement-2 03-16-05 KMM2884I37L0KM - 03-18-05

Infringement - 03-13-05-2 QID62 KMM5211558V36417L0KM
- 03-18-05

Vero-Infringement-4 03-16-05 KMM2874137L0KM - 03-18-05

Infringement-3 03-16-05 - jhongs KMM159922622V86445L0KM - 03-18-05

Infringement-4 03-16-05 KMM159836039V31966L0KM - 03-18-05

lnfringement-1 03-16-05 KMM169948447V96712L0KM - 03-17-05

Vero-Infringement-2 03-16-05 KMM159943602V95062L0KM - 03-17-05

Infringement KMM159665988V45090L0KM 03-17-05

Vero-Infringement-4 03-16-05 QIDS2 KMM5167934V62658L0KM -03-17-05

Infringement - 03-13-05-2 KMM159282525V3455L0KM-03-18-05 - Newton

Infringement QID62 KMM5096185V66133L0KM - 03-16-05

Infringement - 03-13-05-1 QID62 KMM4961409V51576L0KM?-Newton-03-13-05 - 200 sites

Vero - Infringement - tintin_dchk KMM4573722V90928L0KM -03-07-05

Infringement - Sandymates-Shop KMM4576695V93608L0KM -03-07-05

VERO KMM155567730V76097L0KM 02-28-05

Infringement KMM155793836V91018L0KM Fellowes Notebook Screen Protector 02-18-05

Infringement ? kvn0417 - BELKIN KMM155802155V94779L0KM - 02-18-05

Vero ? Infringement - kvn0417 - BELKIN
KMM155138692V50672L0KM 02-16-04

Infringement - duck05 KMM155395570V93220L0KM 02-16-05

Infringement - dj_cards - Third NOTICE KMM155204702V97924L0KM -02-14-05

Infringement - lmelamed - Second NOTICE given 02-11-05 KMM3410638V92356L0KM -02-13-05
Infringement - lmelamed KMM154042691V37833L0KM ? 02-01-05
Infringement - accstation KMM153189626V84206L0KM 02-01-05

Infringement - allyn1956 - B and E Gifts LLC KMM153189653V84212L0KM 02-01-05

Vero - Infringement - Phone_daze KMM152888837V23006L0KM 01-31-05 - 2nd NOTICE GIVEN

Infringement - jandkcameras 1 KMM151446331V73898L0KM 01-22-05

Infringement - jandkcameras 2 KMM151594347V40235L0KM 01-22-05

Infringement - jandkcameras 3 KMM151594348V40235L0KM 01-22-05

Infringement - jandkcameras 4 KMM151594349V40235L0KM 01-22-05
Infringement - jandkcameras 5 KMM151455501V77414L0KM 01-22-05
2004

Infringement - hkesky , rej_it KMM666043V16484L0KM 12-19-04

Infringement Notice KMM10994105SV6O486L0KM -12-19-04

Infringement - onlineshop288 KMM528464V9738L0KM
Infringement-12-15-04 -1 outletzones 2nd Notice KMM497461V61285L0KM
Infringement - rudy7167 KMM146273765V23656L0KM - 12-15-04
Infringement ? onlineshop288 KMM457798V12663L0KM 12-15-04
Vero ? Infringement ? 123_mobiles KMM107276632V24285L0KM ? 11-25-04
Infringement ? 123_mobiles ? 11-23-04- REPEAT INFRINGER-3 KMM 107360929V82945L0KM ? 11-25-04
Infringement ? 123_mobiles ? 11-23-04-1 KMM107354643V80476L0KM ? 11-25-04
Infringement ? 123_mobiles 4 -2nd NOTICE KMM107353916V80171L0KM ? 11-25-04
Infringement -123_mobiles 2-2nd NOTICE KMM1073527561179750L0KM - 11-25-04
Infringement - 123mobiles 5 KMM1072037S1 V85017LOKM -11-2444
Infringement VE62824 KMM14189065SV804LOKM-11-23-04 Vero Infringement - 2 KMM140323020V47225L0KM 11-
Vero-Infringement ? 2 KMM140323020V47225L0KM 11-12-04

VE62825 Vero - Infringement - 4 Remove this seller t-dimension_com Repeat Infringer KMM140323027V47225L0K -11-12-04

Infringement -1 KMM140323022V47225L0KM -11-12-04

Infringement - 3 - SIEMENS KMM140323024V47225L0KM 11-12-04

Infringement-4 Remove this seller t-dimension_com Repeat Infringer KMM140204009V35131L0KM 11-11-04
2004
Infringement -3 - SIEMENS KMM140267411V26106L0KM - 11-11-04
Vero - Infringement - x1387 KMM138838809V66892L0KM - 11-02-04

Infringement ? lmode_technology KMM104621791V70371L0KM -11-02-04
Infringement - xytango - 2 KMM104410199V54685L0KM - 10.30-04

Infringement- digitallshop - 2 KMM138206735V76316L0KM - 10-29-04
Infringement - xytango - 2 - 2nd Notice KMM104211735V71761 LOKM-10-28-04
Infringement - HK Best Buy Store - 3 KMM137948461 V40081 LOKM -10-27-04
Infringement - HK Best Buy Store - 4 KMM137946669V39489L0KM - 10-27-04

Infringement - HK Best Buy Store - 2 KMM137949$19V119279LOKM- 10-27-04
Infringement - HK Best Buy Store - 1 KMM137944690V38836L0KM
Infringement KMM136131712V59827L0KM -10-14-04
Vero-Infringement ? sytech4u KMM135989482V75608L0KM ? 10-13-04

Infringement - loveme.lovemenot KMM135661658V56732LOKM -10-10-04
Vera - Infringement KMM136555S96V78699LOKM - nprp123 -10-10-04
Vero - Infringement - dearneighbour KMM134424933V31690L0KM -10-03-04

Vero - Infringement - dearneighbour KMM134362718V88208LOKM - 10-03-04

Item reported in NOCI ended KMM100823830V44896L0KM 09-24-04

Vero - Infringement - SF - 2 - paylessalways KMM133040570V4793LOKM 09-14-04

Vero - Infringement - SF KMM133040569V4793L0KM ? 09-24-04

Infringement - BestValueZone KMM100508735V82616L0KM -09-21-04
Vero - Infringement - Meritline Online - second Infringement Notice. KMM132547447V23387L0KM -09-21-04

VERO Department KMM132574843V35213L0KM -09-21-04

Vero - Infringement - 2nd notice for Meritline Online KMM131873394V91048L0KM-09-15-04

Vero - Infringement - zoo2003yy - 1 KMM99616456V93592L0KM - 09-11-04

Vero - Infringement KMM129716174V84966L0KM ? 09-07-04

Vero - Infringement - 2nd Notice KMM129963981V17657L0KM -09-05-04

eBay Customer Support KMM98902044V67597L0KM - 09-03-04

Vero-Infringement-5 KMM129543235V66101L0KM - NewtonElectronics 09-03-04
Infringement-2nd NOTICE KMM98932713V10168L0KM Palomar Labs, pricewinner1 09-01-04

Newton-Infringement-5 KMM98621116V7248L0KM -08-30-04- Fujitsu
Newton-Infringement-5 KMM98621017V7114L0KM -08-30-04`
Vero - Infringement-6 - Fellowes Overlay ? Fujitsu KMM129266436V10028L0KM-08-29-04
Vero - Infringement-2 - computerdepotstore (KMM129203996V57667L0KM-08-29-04
Vero - Infringement-1 ? IPod KMM129202174V56098L0KM -08-29-04
KMM9730S577V99384L0KM -08-12-04 ? pricewinner1
Vero - Infringement-08-11-04 - newtonelectronics
Vero -.Infringement KMM126508643V13065L0KM - 08-09-04
VERO - KMM126417045V45465L0KM - 08-08-04 - trusted_goods
KMM126953764V47403L0KM - 08-04-04
KMM125993609V8353010KM - 08-04-04
Vero - Infringement.- pricewinner1 - Notice page 1 KMM124948628V30349L0KM ? 07-28-04

Vero Infringement pricewinner1 - Notice page 3 KMM124946779V30305L0KM - 07-28-04

Vero - Infringement ?pricewinner1 - Notice page 2 KMM124848812V30336L0KM 07-28-04

Vero ? Infringement KMM124871588V79075L0KM ? 07-28-04

Vero - Infringement KMM124035419V18189L0KM - 07-21-04 - Fellowes

Vero - Infringement KMM123513906V91419L0KM - 07-18-04

Vero ? Infringement - Camera- 2 KMM123013434V86083L0KM-07-14-04

Vero ? Infringement - Camera -1 KMM123056366V1790310KM-07-14-04

Vero - Infringement ? Belkin- KMM122917640V35788L0KM ? 07-13-04

Vero - Infringement KMM122900697V27369L0KM - 07-13-04
KMM93119688V67153L0KM -06-15-04
KMM93109413V60641L0KM - 06-15-04
KMM119662242V64741L0KM - 06-15-04
KMM92962994V93218L0KM - 06-14-04 Fellowes

KMM92962748V93028L0KM ? 06-14-04 mobile queen

KMM119476908V34994L0KM - 06-14-04 mobile queen 4th Notice

KMM119477525V35287L0KM ? 06-14-04 - Fellowes

KMM92876511V3513L0KM mobile_queen 3rd NOTICE Page 1 - 06-14-04

KMM92772735V51277L0KM 06-14-04

KMM92874491V2162L0KM - 06-14-04
KMM92873105V1177L0KM - mobile_queen -1 ? 06-14-04
KMM119305057V87167L0KM - 06-013-04 - Belkin
KMM119304690V06784L0KM - 06-13-04

KMM119303441V95588L0KM -06-13-04 - nokia_color_cover_xxpress -1

KMM92694606V59724L0KM 06-10-04

KMM90131169V56727L0KM - 05-29-04
KMM90728414V1276L0KM - 05 -28-04 -.Belkin, Writeright
KMM115691010V58723L0KM 05-13-04 - newtonelectronics
KMM115554696V601I2L0KM 05-15-04 - newton
KMM115547790V50216L0KM - 05-15-04
KMM115547790V60219L0KM 05-15-04
KMM1155481951180490L0KM 05-15-04 - Belkin

KMM115548582VSO906L0KM 05-15-04 - Blue Light USA - Belkin

KMM115549499V61466L0KM 05-15-04 - Balkan etc

KMM9009271414V23470L0KM -05-07-04
KMM113394296V79387L0KM -05-02-04 -new

KMM113384816V74477L0KM-.04-30-04 - Newtonelectronics
KMM89575397V53910L0KM -04-29-04 - Newtonelectronics

KMM89332792V78434L0KM ? 04-25-04
KMM112573913V82643L0KM - 04-18-04 Newtonelectronics
KMM112110728V57061L0KM ? 04-19-04 - newtonelectronics
KMM88307666V85153L0KM -04-12-04
KMM88307545V85003L0KM-04-12-04

GOOGLE NOTICE - 04-08-04 Fellowes, Belkin, etc.

KMM111087981V20790L0KM - 04-09-04 Newtonelectronics, Fellowes

KMM109683887V94607L0KM - 03-30-04 Belkin
KMM105272336V8012L0KM -03-17-04 - digitalcorp

KMM107984059V11443L0KM - 03-15-04
KMM107984060V11443L0KM - 03-15-04
KMM107989869VI4398L0KM - 03-15-04
KMM107989685V14407L0KM - 03-15-04
KMM107577389V20314L0KM - 03-11-04

KMM107288347V5179L0KM-03-11-04- bargaineer2000, butch59445, cellwizzard, mobilestore1, newtonelectronics

KMM106488266V50630L0KM - 03-03-04 - bargaineer2000, pdasource

Amazon - Fellowes, Belkin, Coolwrite 03-01-04

KMM105806044V80262L0KM -02-29-04 - Fellowes, Coolwrite, Belkin

KMM106497007V52836L0KM - 02-27-04 - Fellowes, Sony...

KMM73422970V29747L0KM - Yahoo Infringe - 03-11-04-buyscreenprotector.corn

Yahoo Infringe - 02-27-04- Fellowes

Yahoo Infringement - 02-25-04
Yahoo Infringement - 02-27-04.

Yahoo Infringement - 02-27-04-10 SAKAR
Yahoo Infringement- 02-27-04-4
Yahoo Infringement -02-27-04-5
Yahoo Infringement ? 02-27-04-6
Yahoo Infringement - 02-27-04-7 Sakar
Yahoo Infringement ? 02-27-04-8

Yahoo Infringement ? 02-27-04-9

Yahoo Infringement ? 02-27-04-10

KMM104289038V80030L0KM - 02-20-04 ? mobilestore1, newtonelectronics

KMM104247933V64519L0KM - 02-17-04 digital_bundle, the2jims
KMM84600744V70074L0KM - 02-14-04
KMM103838733V43074L0KM - 02-13-04 - lisasmith550
KMM103763948V78349L0KM - 02-12-04 - Absolute PDA, najeem, pinshooter13, jeeepwrangler, mobilestore1

KMM103606643V69390L0KM 02-10-04
KMM102236261V98586L0KM - 01-31-04 ?Mobilestore1, najeem
2003

KMM90311838V99257L0KM - 09-13-03 icdmon77 4th NOTICE
KMM90208819V78302L0KM - 09-13-03 icdmon77 3rd NOTICE
KMM90026487V80263L0KM - 09-10-03 - 2
KMM88443528V91538L0KM-Mobilestore1 08-25-03
KMM88381587V4284L0KM- Mobilestore1- 08-24-03
KMM87937627V40000L0KM ? mobilestore1-08-21-03
KMM87712843V70536L0KM-mobilestore1-08-19-03
KMM87677049V40893L0KM-mobilestore1-08-17-03
KMM77881987V59994L0KM- Newton/Jaxum 05-06-03
KMM72858840V78248L0KM - Newton 2-28-03
KMM78964311V98271L0KM Newton 05-15-03
We have successfully protected electronic instruments since. 1988.
VSPS.com Inc.
11341 E. Adobe Rd., Mesa, Arizona 85207
Truthfully,
Mr. William J. Warman Sr
[Signature]

The contents of this message and any attachments are private and confidential communications intended solely for the addressee(s) named in this message. If you are not the intended recipient of this message, please 1) immediately notify the sender by reply e-mail and then delete this message and its attachments and 2) do not read, use, distribute disclose or copy this message and/or any attachments in any way, shape, or form.

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FAQ: Questions and Answers

[back to notice text]

Question: What is 35 U.S.C. 273?
Answer: 35 U.S.C. 273 Defense to infringement based on earlier inventor.
(a) DEFINITIONS.- For purposes of this section-
(1) the terms "commercially used" and "commercial use" mean use of a method in the United States, so long as such use is in connection with an internal commercial use or an actual arm's-length sale or other arm's-length commercial transfer of a useful end result, whether or not the subject matter at issue is accessible to or otherwise known to the public, except that the subject matter for which commercial marketing or use is subject to a premarketing regulatory review period during which the safety or efficacy of the subject matter is established, including any period specified in section 156(g), shall be deemed "commercially used" and in "commercial use" during such regulatory review period;
(2) in the case of activities performed by a nonprofit research laboratory, or nonprofit entity such as a university, research center, or hospital, a use for which the public is the intended beneficiary shall be considered to be a use described in paragraph (1), except that the use-
(A) may be asserted as a defense under this section only for continued use by and in the laboratory or nonprofit entity; and
(B) may not be asserted as a defense with respect to any subsequent commercialization or use outside such laboratory or nonprofit entity;
(3) the term "method" means a method of doing or conducting business; and
(4) the "effective filing date" of a patent is the earlier of the actual filing date of the application for the patent or the filing date of any earlier United States, foreign, or international application to which the subject matter at issue is entitled under section 119, 120, or 365 of this title.
(b) DEFENSE TO INFRINGEMENT.-
(1) IN GENERAL.- It shall be a defense to an action for infringement under section 271 of this title with respect to any subject matter that would otherwise infringe one or more claims for a method in the patent being asserted against a person, if such person had, acting in good faith, actually reduced the subject matter to practice at least 1 year before the effective filing date of such patent, and commercially used the subject matter before the effective filing date of such patent.
(2) EXHAUSTION OF RIGHT.- The sale or other disposition of a useful end product produced by a patented method, by a person entitled to assert a defense under this section with respect to that useful end result shall exhaust the patent owner's rights under the patent to the extent such rights would have been exhausted had such sale or other disposition been made by the patent owner.
(3) LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF DEFENSE.- The defense to infringement under this section is subject to the following:
(A) PATENT.- A person may not assert the defense under this section unless the invention for which the defense is asserted is for a method.
(B) DERIVATION.- A person may not assert the defense under this section if the subject matter on which the defense is based was derived from the patentee or persons in privity with the patentee.
(C) NOT A GENERAL LICENSE.- The defense asserted by a person under this section is not a general license under all claims of the patent at issue, but extends only to the specific subject matter claimed in the patent with respect to which the person can assert a defense under this chapter, except that the defense shall also extend to variations in the quantity or volume of use of the claimed subject matter, and to improvements in the claimed subject matter that do not infringe additional specifically claimed subject matter of the patent.
(4) BURDEN OF PROOF.- A person asserting the defense under this section shall have the burden of establishing the defense by clear and convincing evidence.
(5) ABANDONMENT OF USE.- A person who has abandoned commercial use of subject matter may not rely on activities performed before the date of such abandonment in establishing a defense under this section with respect to actions taken after the date of such abandonment.
(6) PERSONAL DEFENSE.- The defense under this section may be asserted only by the person who performed the acts necessary to establish the defense and, except for any transfer to the patent owner, the right to assert the defense shall not be licensed or assigned or transferred to another person except as an ancillary and subordinate part of a good faith assignment or transfer for other reasons of the entire enterprise or line of business to which the defense relates.
(7) LIMITATION ON SITES.- A defense under this section, when acquired as part of a good faith assignment or transfer of an entire enterprise or line of business to which the defense relates, may only be asserted for uses at sites where the subject matter that would otherwise infringe one or more of the claims is in use before the later of the effective filing date of the patent or the date of the assignment or transfer of such enterprise or line of business.
(8) UNSUCCESSFUL ASSERTION OF DEFENSE.- If the defense under this section is pleaded by a person who is found to infringe the patent and who subsequently fails to demonstrate a reasonable basis for asserting the defense, the court shall find the case exceptional for the purpose of awarding attorney fees under section 285 of this title.
(9) INVALIDITY.- A patent shall not be deemed to be invalid under section 102 or 103 of this title solely because a defense is raised or established under this section.
(Added Nov. 29, 1999, Public Law 106-113, sec. 1000(a)(9), 113 Stat. 1501A-555 (S. 1948 sec. 4302).)

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Question: What are the DMCA Safe Harbor Provisions?

Answer: In 1998, Congress passed the On-Line Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act (OCILLA) in an effort to protect service providers on the Internet from liability for the activities of its users. Codified as section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), this new law exempts on-line service providers that meet the criteria set forth in the safe harbor provisions from claims of copyright infringement made against them that result from the conduct of their customers. These safe harbor provisions are designed to shelter service providers from the infringing activities of their customers. If a service provider qualifies for the safe harbor exemption, only the individual infringing customer are liable for monetary damages; the service provider's network through which they engaged in the alleged activities is not liable.

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Question: What are the defenses to patent infringement?
Answer: There are two basic lines of defense: non-infringement and invalidity.
Non-infringement: To infringe a patent, one must practice every element of a claim. If you do not practice one or more of the elements of a claim, then you do not infringe that claim. This determination often rests on how a court interprets the language of the claims you are accused of infringing.
Invalidity: Only a valid patent can be enforced. Issued patents are presumed valid, but this presumption can be overcome if prior art exists that demonstrates an invention was not novel or that it was obvious at the time the patent application was filed. Especially in the case of software and Internet business method patents, articles disclosing or describing the patented inventions may exist in trade publications that would not have been found by the patent examiner and would not have been part of the prosecution file of an issued patent on file with the USPTO. The patent holder's failure to name all inventors may also invalidate a patent.

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Question: What is a patent?
Answer: A patent is a form of intellectual property. A U.S. patent is a right granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to an inventor to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing an invention for a limited time. In the U.S., Patent law is driven by the language of the Patent Act, 35 U.S.C. ? 101, et seq., and by court cases interpreting the Act, which have added a good deal of jargon, complexity and some confusion over the years.

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Question: What are patent "claims"?
Answer: A patent consists of an abstract, a description of the invention, disclosures of prior art, drawings, and one or more claims. The claims are the only truly enforceable part of a utility patent, and they define the property right owned by the patent holder. They are written in technical language, and must embody subject matter that is within the scope of patent law, is novel and is not obvious. The more broadly written the claims, the less likely they are to avoid rejection or invalidation on the grounds of obviousness or anticipation by prior technology. The more narrowly written, the less likely a competing technology or device infringes the claims. To infringe a patent, one must practice every element of a claim. If you do not practice one or more of the elements of a claim, then you do not infringe that claim.

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Question: What may not be patented?
Answer: The following subjects are not entitled to patent protection:
? Abstract ideas, mental processes, laws of nature and physical phenomena
For example, one cannot patent a new mineral, insect or plant discovered or found in the wild. Likewise, Einstein could not patent "E=mc2" and Newton could not have patented the law of gravity. Discoveries that are manifestations of nature are "free to all men and reserved exclusively to none." Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 309 (1980). Abstract ideas and nature's laws are preserved for the public domain and kept free for use by all.
? Literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (are usually subject to copyright protection)
? Inventions that are not useful (such as perpetual motion machines) or that are offensive to public morality

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Question: What does it mean to obtain a license for a patent?
Answer: A license, in its simplest terms, is a promise by the patent owner (the licensor) not to sue the licensee for exercising one of the patent owner's rights. Patent laws grant the patent owner rights to exclude others from making, using, or selling the patented invention. Using a contract called a "license," a patent owner may choose to allow one or more others to make, use and/or sell the invention, usually in exchange for payment. As long as the licensee abides by the terms of the license contract, a patent owner cannot sue the licensee for infringement. Patent infringement cases are often settled by the accused infringer entering into a license agreement with the patent owner and promising to pay the patent owner royalties.

Topic maintained by University of Maine School of Law

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